Jan's Bible Notes
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EVOLUTION: FACT OR PHILOSOPHY?
by Jan Young

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING

Asimov, Isaac. Beginnings. New York: Walker and Co., 1987.

Asimov, Isaac. How Did We Find Out About the Beginning of Life? New York: Walker & Co., 1982.

Creation magazine. Creation Science Ministries, P.O. Box 6330, Florence, Kentucky, 41022.

Denton, Michael. Evolution: A Theory in Crisis. Bethesda, Maryland: Adler & Adler, 1985.

Fisher, David E. The Origin and Evolution of Our Own Particular Universe. New York: Athenium, 1988.

Huse, Scott M. The Collapse of Evolution. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1983.

Ipcar, Dahlov. The Wonderful Egg. Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1958.

Jastrow, Robert. The Enchanted Loom: Mind in the Universe. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1981.

Johnson, Phillip E. Darwin on Trial. Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity Press, 1991.

Kramer, Stephen P. How to Think Like A Scientist: Answering Questions by the Scientific Method. New York: Thomas Y. Crowell, 1987.

Macbeth, Norman. Darwin Retried. Boston: Gambit Incorporated, 1971.

Morris, Henry M. and Gary E. Parker. What is Creation Science? El Cajon, CA: Master Books, 1982.

Noorbergen, Rene. Secrets of the Lost Races. Indianapolis/New York: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, Inc., 1977.

Newell, Norman D. Creation and Evolution: Myth or Reality? (Series: "Convergence." Series Editor: Ruth Nanda Anshen) New York: Columbia University Press, 1982.

Origins and Design. (journal of the “intelligent design” movement)

Pope, Joyce. Living Fossils. Austin, Texas: Steck-Vaughan Library, 1992.

Sunderland, Luther D. Darwin's Enigma. Santee, CA: Master Book Publishers, 1988.

Velikovsky, Immanuel. Stargazers and Gravediggers. New York: William Morrow & Co., Inc., 1983.

Weiner, Jonathan. The Beak of the Finch: A Story of Evolution in Our Time. New York: Vintage Books (Random House), 1994.

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GLOSSARY

adaptation Modification of an organism by natural selection, fitting it more perfectly for existence in its environment.

Big Bang theory The theory that the universe originated naturalistically from the explosion of the cosmic egg.

biogenetic law The supposed tendency for the evolutionary stages of an organism to appear during the development of the embryo.

catastrophe A violent and sudden change in a feature of the earth.

catastrophism The belief that most of the earth's features formed in a relatively short period of time and are, for the most part, the result of catastrophes.

chaos A state of confusion, lacking organization, order, sequence or predictability.

cosmic egg A tiny speck of super-dense matter which exploded in the Big Bang and expanded to form all the matter in the universe.

directed panspermia The theory that life did not originate on earth, but was sent here from an extra-terrestrial civilization.

element One of more than 100 fundamental substances that make up all matter; its atoms are all of the same kind, and it cannot be broken down into any simpler substance.

embryology The study of the development of the embryo in organisms.

extinct Having died out completely, leaving no survivors.

extrapolate To project or extend known observations into an unobserved time period, either future or past, so as to arrive at speculative knowledge of that unobserved time period, based on the assumption that there is a continuity between the observed and the unobserved times.

evolution The process of change.

fact An actual happening that can be known with certainty.

first law of thermodynamics Mass/energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.

fossil Remains of a plant or animal of past geologic times that has been preserved in the earth's crust.

geologic column A hypothesized sequence of all the earth's strata.

geologic timetable A diagram showing the chronological arrangement of the strata of the geologic column, covering the entire history of the earth.

geology The branch of science dealing with the history of the earth as recorded in the rocks.

gradualism The concept of slwo gradual change taking place at uniform rates.

half-life The length of time it takes for half the atoms of a radioactive substance to decay.

homogeneous Uniform, consistent, showing no variation.

homology Similarity due to evolutionary relationship.

Hubble constant The rate at which the universe is expanding.

hypothesis A tentative proposition which can be tested against known facts.

igneous rock Volcanic rock.

index fossil A fossil found only in rocks in a specific time period, which may be used to identify other rocks from that period.

living fossils Living plants or animals that have not changed since they appeared in the fossil record.

macroevolution Major evolutionary change, bringing about change between species, genera, orders, families, classes and phyla.

microevolution Minor evolutionary change, such as within a species.

mutation The recombination of existing genetic material or the loss of a gene.

natural selection Survival of the fittest; the process by which organisms with certain beneficial traits are thought to leave more offspring and pass on those beneficial traits.

naturalistic Characterized by a world view in which everything may be explained by natural causes, and which denies supernatural causes.

neo-Darwinism The modern version of Darwin's theory of evolution, incorporating mutations as the means of change; Darwin's original theory did not contain this element because he was not aware of the laws of genetics.

probability The branch of mathematics concerned with studying how likely it is that an event will occur, considering all the possible outcomes.

punctuated equilibria The theory that life did not evolve slowly and gradually, but rather that long periods of equilibrium were occasionally punctuated by rapid change.

radioactive dating A method of dating rocks by measuring the half-lives of radioactive elements.

recapitulation The supposed tendency for the evolutionary stages of an organism to appear during the development of the embryo.

redshift A shifting of the galaxy's light toward the longer wavelengths of the spectrum, in proportion to the speed of the galaxy.

relative dating Dating method in which a higher stratum is considered younger in relation to a lower stratum, and a lower stratum is considered older in relation to the higher stratum.

science Knowledge; classified or systematized knowledge.

scientific method The accepted procedures used in the pursuit of knowledge: 1)Collect data, 2)analyze data, 3)formulate a hypothesis, 4)test hypothesis many times, 5)report findings to others.

second law of thermodynamics All systems, left to themselves, run down, decay, become more disorderly.

sedimentary rock Sediment that has hardened into rock.

self-organization A hypothetical law which, if it existed, would have the opposite effect of the Second Law of Thermodynamics, leading to increasing organization and complexity.

species The biological classification below genus.

spontaneous generation The origin of life from non-life.

stasis Absence of change.

strata Layers of sedimentary rock (singular--stratum).

tautology A meaningless, redundant statement.

theory A working hypothesis, not conclusively established as scientific law.

theory of evolution The theory that life began spontaneously and gradually developed into more complex forms; that all life forms are the result of natural selection, mutations, and random change acting over long periods of time.

transitional forms All the stages of an organism which lie between the true types, and showing the step-by-step changes by which one type evolved into another type.

uniform processes Processes that operate at slow, gradual, fairly consistent rates.

uniformitarianism The belief that most of the earth's features formed slowly and gradually over long periods of time by processes acting in essentially the same manner as presently observed.

vestigial organs Useless organs left over from earlier evolutionary stages.

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Wheeler, David L. “A Biochemist Urges Darwinists to Acknowledge the Role Played by an ‘Intelligent Designer.’” The Chronicle of Higher Education, Nov. 1, 1996, p. A13-16.

Whitcomb, John C., Jr. and Henry M. Morris. The Genesis Flood. Philadelphia: The Presbyterian and Reformed Publ. Co., 1961.

Wieland, Carl. "Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria." Creation Ex Nihilo Technical Journal, Vol. 8, No. 1 (1994), pp. 6-7.

------ "Evolutionary Faith and the Cosmic Zoo." Creation, Vol. 15, No. 4 (Sept.-Nov. 1993), pp. 20-21.

------ "Exploding Evolution." Creation, Vol. 16, No. 2 (March-May 1994), pp. 38-39.

Wilford, John Noble. "Scientists Bug-Eyed Over New Fossil Find." The Fresno Bee, Fresno, Calif., Nov. 12, 1988.

Williams, Alexander R. "'Oldest' Hominid Footprints Show No Evolution!" Creation, Vol. 15, No. 4 (Sept.-Nov. 1993), p. 32.

Wise, Kurt. Phone conversation, October 10, 1995.

Woodward, Thomas. "A Professor Takes Darwin to Court." Christianity Today, Aug. 19, 1991, pp. 33-35.

------ “Meeting Darwin’s Wager.” Christianity Today. April 28, 1997, pp. 14-21.

Wright, Robert. "Science, God and Man." Time, Dec. 22, 1992, pp. 38-44.

Wuethrich, B. “Scientists Upset Insect Orthodoxies.” Science News, Vol. 144 (July 17, 1993), p. 38.

Zimmer, Carl. “Back to the Sea.” Discover, Jan. 1995, pp. 83-84.

------ “Coming Onto the Land.” Discover, June 1995, pp. 118-127.

------ “Masters of an Ancient Sky.” Discover, Feb. 1994, pp. 42-54.

------ “A Reptile Rookery.” Discover, June 1995, pp. 32-33.

------ "Ruffled Feathers." Discover, May 1992, pp. 44-54.

------ “The Smoking Crater.” Discover, Jan. 1992, p. 48.

Zindler, Frank R. “The Wild, Wild World of Creationism.” American Atheist, July 1992, pp. 20-28.


Copyright 2003 Jan Young

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